A carbon-based negative electrode and a metal-oxide-based positive electrode compose these batteries. These batteries see their development in the early 1980s. The most prominent application of Lithium today is with electronics, specifically lithium-ion batteries. Another compound, lithium oxide, aids in the manufacturing of glass ceramics. Lighter vehicles can better maximize fuel efficiency. Since lithium is the least dense metal, it is very practical for creating lightweight vehicle components. Aluminum-lithium alloys find use in vehicle frames, such as in planes, trains, and automobiles. The most common alloy is the aluminum-lithium alloy, which has numerous industrial applications. Starting in 1949, salts such as lithium carbonate became an active ingredient in treatments for bipolar disorders as well as schizophrenia, with mixed results. Human nutrition does not require lithium as a trace mineral, but it has been used in various pharmaceutical applications over the last 70 years. A typical electron configuration for Li is 1s 22s 1. Its electronegativity reads as 0.98 on the Pauling scale. Like those sibling elements, Li has just one valence electron. It belongs to an elemental family known as alkali metals, which include sodium and potassium. Under hydrogen and after helium, Lithium, with the atomic symbol Li and an atomic number of 3, lies on group 1 of the periodic table. 6Li and 7Li are the two isotopes of lithium.Aluminum products are often cut with lithium to reduce weight.Lithium salts have been found to have a strong antidepressant effect.There are no natural deposits of pure lithium.Lithium is the least dense metal at standard conditions.Lithium is very lightweight, making it useful for vehicle components.In a battery, lithium produces 3+ volts, more than any other metal.7Up soda contained lithium citrate, a mood-stabilizing drug, until 1950. This makes it useful for automobile accessories Grease containing lithium remains thick at high temperatures, whereas other greases become liquid. Lithium reacts with oxygen in the air quickly, becoming dark grey or black.Scissors can cut through this soft element.Many modern technologies use lithium and it has proven pivotal to the development of the 21st-century economy. It is the first metal on the table (excluding the rare metallic hydrogen) and it derives its name from the Greek word “lithos” meaning “stone”. Lithium takes its place as the third element on the periodic table of elements, situated just below hydrogen and to the left of beryllium. You will need to refer to a periodic table for proton values.The Element Lithium Introduction to Lithium In this notation, the atomic number is not included. Symbol-mass format for the above atom would be written as Cr-52. For an example of this notation, look to the chromium atom shown below:Īnother way to refer to a specific atom is to write the mass number of the atom after the name, separated by a hyphen. The "A" value is written as a superscript while the "Z" value is written as a subscript. Both the atomic number and mass are written to the left of the chemical symbol. The composition of any atom can be illustrated with a shorthand notation called A/Z format.
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